Wednesday, December 25, 2019

What Caused The French Revolution - 1544 Words

What caused the French Revolution to radicalize? Historians such as Timothy Tackett and David A. Bell explore that question implicitly in When the King Took Flight and The First Total War respectively. Although they are two profoundly different books, both point to fear as a causal force in the radicalization of the Revolution. However, Tackett suggests that the flight of the King created fears of counterrevolutionary conspiracies and suspicion as a result of France’s regime changes and polarization and thus radicalized Paris. While Bell argues that increased military modification and war caused fear and radicalization in France. The authors do not explicitly explain what they mean by â€Å"radical,† but from the evidence and events that they describe, one can deduce their definitions. After the king’s flee from the Tuileries, Tackett describes radical as certain political groups acting on and demanding for extreme measures such as violent demonstrations of depos ing the king in favor of a republic. Bell, on the other hand, defines radical differently. Radical according to Bell is people’s paranoia and fears to the extreme of killing hundreds of people who did not agree with the revolutionary ideal. Although The First Total War does not center on one event like When the King Took Flight does, Bell, like Tackett, describes how fear was a prime factor in radicalizing the revolution. Bell explores numerous events following the fall of the Bastille, and despite, theShow MoreRelatedWhat Caused The French Revolution?917 Words   |  4 PagesWhat caused the French Revolution? Many things contributed to it evolving. But only three were the most important. The influence dates back all the way to the Age of Enlightenment, the ideas definitely had an effect on the French citizens. The American Revolution ties with the Enlightenment as well. The political inequality of the three estates played a huge part in the disruption. In addition to that, the Economic inequality also influenced France. The French Revolution is a big and memorable partRead MoreCauses of the French Revolution During the period of 1789-1799 people lived much differently than700 Words   |  3 PagesCauses of the French Revolution During the period of 1789-1799 people lived much differently than individuals do today and there were many reasons for this. During the French Revolution there was a large amount of taxation for certain class groups, â€Å"While average tax rates were higher in Britain, the burden on the common people was greater in France† (GNU, 2008, pg. 2). Due to these large taxations on the peasants and lower class and not on the clergy and nobles it caused excessive conflict betweenRead MoreThe Enlightment and the French Revolution1263 Words   |  6 PagesFrance during the 18th century, there was a system named the Ancien rà ©gime, which refers to the societal, economic and political structure of France before the French Revolution. At the top of the pyramid was the absolute monarch Louis XVI. He took the throne in 1774 and received it with problems that couldn’t be fixed. (French Revolution Overview 6) Below the king came the first estate which was made of 100,000 nobles. The n came the second estate was made of 300,000 clergy. Finally came the thirdRead MoreThe French Revolution And The American Revolution1184 Words   |  5 PagesA revolution is not an event that comes around every few years. In fact, for an event to be considered a revolution that event must bring about significant political, social, ideological, religious or even technological change. Throughout history there have been some very noteworthy revolutions such as the Agricultural Revolution, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution. Of all the revolutions in history, it is perhaps the French Revolution that remains the most romanticized in the mindsRead MoreThe Major Causes Of The French Revolution798 Words   |  4 PagesThe French Revolution paved the way for liberty and equality for the country of France. In order for this to happen, France had to eliminate some major obstacles including King Louis XVI. The problems in France ultimately resulted in a rebellion. Though the American Revolution provided a model of rebellion for revolution in France, the major concepts of the Enlightenment joined with the struggle of the bourgeoisie against the nobility to fuel the revolution; the new ideas included equality, leadershipRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1221 Words   |  5 PagesWhen people think of the French Revolution, they immediately think of the country of France and how the Revolution affected it. What most people do not think about however, is how the Revolution affected other countries, specifically the country of England. England was affected positively and negatively by the Revolution in that there was an increase of political involvement, but there was a collapse in the economy due to war declared by France. The French Revolution created a battle of conflictingRead MoreThe Causes Of Joseph De Maistre And The French Revolution1696 Words   |  7 Pagesmere eight years after the Revolution. In order to understand what causes he believed caused the French Revolution, his conception of a Counter-Revolution and what would be necessary to undo the ideas of 1789, which is what this paper aims to discuss, it is important to know a brief background on de Maistre and what he stood for. de Maistre was an advocate of divine right monarchy as well as a defendant of Catholicism in the period of time directly after the French Revolution. He is known as a prominentRead MoreFrom 1789 to 1799, Who Posed the More Dangerous Threats to the French Revolution: Its External Enemies or Its Internal Enemies?880 Words   |  4 Pagesmodern European History: the French Revolution. The French population went through economic chaos, a dictatorship, and a civil war as well as other dramatic changes. During these ye ars, the French decided to speak up for themselves and they became enemies of the French revolution. Internal enemies included the King, Louis XVI, Monarchists and Royalists and the Churches that were run by refractory priests. External threats were caused by aristocrats who had fled the Revolution; more specifically knownRead MoreFrom 1789 to 1799, Who Posed the More Dangerous Threats to the French Revolution: Its External Enemies or Its Internal Enemies?891 Words   |  4 Pagesmodern European History: the French Revolution. The French population went through economic chaos, a dictatorship, and a civil war as well as other dramatic changes. During these years, the French decided to speak up for themselves and they became enemies of the French revolution. Internal enemies included the King, Louis XVI, Monarchists and Royalists and the Churches that were run by refractory priests. External threats were caused by aristocrats who had fled the Revolution; more specifically knownRead M oreThe Real Cause of the French Revolution Essay1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe Real Cause of the French Revolution For hundreds of years historians have tried to find out the real cause of the French Revolution, and they have come up with hundreds of varieties different reasons as well. Spread over the ten-year period from 1789-1799, the French Revolution was initiated by disagreements over the peoples ideas of reform. Seeking equality, liberty

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Diagnosis Of Disease Of A Patient - 1733 Words

The first step in correct diagnosis of disease of a patient is to know his medical history. Physician should carefully ask patient information about his/her symptoms such as the onset, duration, and possible relief. The next step is physical examination of the patient. After listening to the patient s description of the history of the symptoms, physicians generally conduct a physical examination. Inspection, Palpation, Percussion and Auscultation are the four components of physical examination. In general inspection, physician examines general body posture and proportion of the patient and then site of injury is inspected locally. After inspection, physician uses his/her hands and fingers to feel the body of the patient to know the body temperature as well as to feel underlying parts of body of the patient. This procedure is known as palpation. After palpation, physician taps body parts to get information about density of tissues and this is known as percussion. Finally, Auscultation is listening to body sounds with the help of stethoscope. The pressure of blood exerted on the walls of arteries is called arterial blood pressure or simply blood pressure. It helps to propel blood at a high velocity along the arteries. Blood pressure is taken with an instrument called sphygmomanometer and the unit of blood pressure is usually millimetres of mercury (mm Hg). The blood pressure, by this instrument, is measured in terms of air pressure when the air pressure becomes equal to theShow MoreRelatedDiagnosis Of The Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease1850 Words   |  8 PagesPATTERN OF THE PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN A TERTIARY CARE SETUP IN SOUTH INDIA Dr.S.Palaniandavan** Dr.M.V.Bhargavi*** *Professor and head of the department **Assistant professor General medicine department Sree Balaji medical college and hospital, Chromepet, Chennai. ABSTRACT Background: With the incidence and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) increasing worldwide and its economic repercussions, a detailed haematological workup of such patients is necessaryRead MoreThe Medical Laboratories : An Evaluation Of Patient Safety, And Diagnosis Of Patients With Chronic And Acute Diseases1565 Words   |  7 Pageslaboratories are critical in monitoring and diagnosis of patients with chronic and acute diseases. Some of these specialized tests are only available in the central labs or reference labs. Today advances in technology and innovation have led to the emergence of point of care diagnostics (POCD) that allow for some of the routine tests to be performed rapidly outside the central labs and closer to the patients. POCD can be performed in several setups such as patient bedside in hospitals, physician clinicsRead MoreDiagnosis And Management Of Patients Suffering From Neurological Disease3148 Words   |  13 Pages Abstract Neurophysiology provides a range of important clinical investigations to that aid in the diagnosis and management of patients suffering from neurological disease. This experiment investigates the mechanisms behind two pathologies pertaining to channelopathies and demyelination: epilepsy and multiple sclerosis. This is done using a patch clamp technique, a laboratory technique in electrophysiology that allows the study of single or multiple ion channels in cells. Conditions were simulatedRead MoreDiabetic Patients Should Be Educated About Diagnosis Of The Disease ( Powers )1730 Words   |  7 Pages Evidence-Based Recommendations Based upon analysis of existing scientific literature, the following ADA’s recommendations advised for all diabetic patients type 2—all patients should be educated about diagnosis of the disease (Powers, et. al, 2015). All treatment plans for diabetic patients should include education for nutrition therapy and physical. Other important education topics should be covered with individuals with diabetes type two are psychological concerns, behavior change strategiesRead MoreThe Impact Of Datscan On Diagnosis And Management Of Movement Disorders1108 Words   |  5 PagesThe Impact of DaTscan on the Diagnosis and Management of Movement Disorders: A Retrospective Study. New and evolving diagnostic tests are always exciting. Especially if these tests could possibly lead us to a cure for those diseases that currently have only treatment, but no cures. Parkinson s is a progressively degenerative disease, which affects millions of people every year. Patients suffering from Parkinson s incur high costs from drug therapy, fall-related injuries, and hospitalizationsRead MoreAnalysis and Description of Dementia Essay1741 Words   |  7 Pagesform of dementia is Alzheimer’s Disease and the second most common is vascular dementia. Dementia is a syndrome occurring usually, but not limited, to people over the age of 40 and is due to brain damage caused by natural deteriorating, stroke or can be brought on by factors such as excessive drinking or drug abuse. Dementia is best cared for in its early stages and, therefore, an early diagnosis is essential. Recognizing the symptoms by both the dementia patient and the family are important inRead MoreS ymptoms And Treatment Of Rheumatoid Arthritis1312 Words   |  6 Pages Rheumatoid Arthritis Brandon Holley PAS5430 Winter 2017 - Class 6 Clinical Presentation Disease Overview. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is considered the most common autoimmune inflammatory arthritis disease diagnosed in adult patients and affects quality of life and leads to increased mortality rates. It is defined as a chronic, inflammatory, systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by symmetric, erosive synovitis that often leads to joint destruction, deformity, and disability.Read MoreParkinson s Disease : The Loss Of Dopaminergic Cells Within The Brain867 Words   |  4 PagesParkinson’s disease, is distinguished by the loss of dopaminergic cells within the brain. This dopaminergic degeneration is accompanied by severe symptoms, which significantly affects individuals and those around them. The rate at which this degradation; and therefore the rate at which the corresponding symptoms arises, varies among individuals. Often these symptoms do not worsen until the affected individual has reached the age of 60 to 65 years old, when the dopaminergic depletion has become significantRead MoreAnalysis Of Patrick Mcmurphy s One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest Essay1544 Words   |  7 Pagesraised the questions on the authenticness of mental illness, challenging how a psychiatrist must trust his/her patient. David Rosenhan demonstrates the possibility of incorrect diagnoses in his Rosenhan experiment. However, while beneficial in that the experiment exposed faults in the psychiatric diagnosis process, it proved mental illness could be faked adding the growing stigma mental diseases’ have. The ability to fool psychiatric diagnostic tests is quite simple as seen with David Rosenhan’s experimentRead MoreVideo Capsule Endoscopy for Identifying Crohn’s Disease Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesIdentifying Crohn’s Disease Crohn’s disease is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that could occur anywhere from the mouth to the rectum. However, it usually affects the intestines (Longstreth, 2010). Like many illnesses, there is no cure for Crohn’s as the exact cause of it is unknown. There are a number of tests and procedures available that aide in making the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease. Stool cultures and blood work can suggest IBD but may not directly indicate the disease. Barium enemas

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Philosophy Plato Essay Example For Students

Philosophy Plato Essay Plato was born to an aristocratic family in Athens, Greece. When he was a child hisfather, Ariston, who was believed to be descended from the early kings of Athens died, and hismother, Perictione married Pyrilampes. As a young man Plato was always interested in politicalleadership and eventually became a disciple of Socrates. He followed his philosophy and his dialectical style, which is believed to be the search for truth through questions, answers, andadditional questions. After witnessing the death of Socrates at the hands of the Atheniandemocracy in 399 B.C., Plato left Athens and continued to travel to Italy, Sicily, and Egypt. (Internet) In 387 B.C. Plato founded the Academy in Athens otherwise known as the first Europeanuniversity. The Academy provided a wide range of curriculum including subjects such asastronomy, biology, philosophy, political theory, and mathematics. Aristotle was the Academysmost outstanding student. (Internet)The internal affairs of the academy ruled the next 20 years of Platos life and he wrotenothing. Many Greek youths were attracted to the new school. Plato then went to Syracuse tosupervise the education of the ruling prince. Plato was not certain about the success of thisadventure although he felt he could not refuse this opportunity of putting his ideas to a test. Itdid not work out for Plato and he returned to Athens in 360 B.C. He then devoted himself toteaching and lecturing at the Academy. He died at age 80 in Athens in 348 B.C. Before hisdeath Plato completed the Sophist, the Politicus, the Philebus, the Timaeus and finally the Laws. (Internet)DIALOGUES The Symposium is the most widely read of Platos dialogues with the exception of theRepublic and it is with good reason. Its literary merit is outstanding with philosophical andpsychological sources (Allen)ANAYA2THE EARLY DIALOGUESIn the early dialogues Socrates always played the leading roll. In all of them, Plato wastrying to keep the spirit of Socrates alive. There are also early dialogues that portray Socrates inwhimsical moods but always with a serious purpose. (Allen)The Republic was the most revealing of all Platos early writings. Plato believed that onecould not seriously construct a political theory without a metaphysics. Therefore, we find anoutline of human life as it should be lived according to nature. (Allen)THE LATER DIALOGUESIn the later dialogues Soctates does not always play the leading role. He does not enterinto the conversation of Laws. More interest was shown in the possibilities of politics. Law andlegal government were stressed and it greatl y influenced Aristotle. It is clear that in later yearsPlato became more aware of the difficulties in attempting to combine science with government. Platos main interest at the end of his life was to guide human effort as indicated in his lastdialogues, the Laws. (Allen)Many students of the Academy were reaching into positions of power in the Greek world. Plato planned a trilogy at the end of his life, the Timaeus, the Critias, and the Hermoncrates. (Allen)THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE Platos theory of knowledge can be found in the myth of the cave. The myth describespeople chained within a cave. The only images they see are the shadows of objects and animalsheld in front of a fire that is behind them that reflects on the cave walls in front of them. That isall they had ever seen so that is what they believe to be real. One day a man escaped the caveand went outside. With the sun he saw what was real in the world and realized all he ever sawwere just shadows. He went back to the men in the ca ve and told them all this. He told themthat they ANAYA3too could see the outside if they broke free of their chains but they didnt believe him. Theenvironment of the cave to Plato symbolizes the physical world of appearances. Escaping intothe sun-filled world means the transition into the real world that is full and perfect being theworld of forms, which is the proper object of knowledge. (Hare p.39)NATURE OF FORMS The theory of Forms may be understood best in terms of mathematical entities. Thistheory was his way of explaining how the same universal term can refer to so many particularthings or events. An individual is human to the extent that they resemble or participate. In theForm humanness if humanness is defined in terms of being a rational animal and humanbeing to the extent that he or she is rational. An object is beautiful to the extent that itparticipates in the Idea, or Form of beauty. Everything in the world of space and time is, what itis by virtue of its resemblance to , or participation in, its universal Form. The supreme Form isthe Form of Good, which like the sun in the myth of the cave, illuminates all the other ideas. The theory of Forms is intended to explain how one comes to know and also how things havecome to be the way that they are. (Internet)ETHICSPlatos ethical theory rests on the assumption that virtue is knowledge and can be taught,which has to be understood in terms of his theory of Forms. One of his famous arguments is thatto know the good is to do the good. Along with that he states that anyone who behavesimmorally does so out of ignorance. He also says that a truly happy person is a moral person andthey become individuals and always desire their own happiness. They always desire to do thatwhich is moral. (Dolan p.76)ANAYA4TRUTH Plato illustrates truth by telling the well-known story of Gyges. Gyges one day stumbledupon a chasm in the opening of the earth after a heavy rainfall. He came upon a horse made ofbronze which had a door on the side of it. He opened it up and saw the body of a man ofsuperhuman stature, wearing a gold ring. He took the ring off the finger of the body and placedit upon his own. He later realized that if he turned the bezel of the ring inwards in the directionof the palm of his hand he would become invisible. He would use the ring to his advantagemany a time. He would kill off anyone that stood in his way and he got whatever he wantedwithout anyone suspecting him. He even quickly rose to be the King of Lydia. Now, think of thesame ring in the hands of a wise man. He would not consider that it would give him the right todo wrong any more than if it did not belong to him. For to act secretly is not what a good manaims at, it is what he wants to do to act rightly. (Grant 172,173)WORKSPlatos writings were in dialogue form. The earliest collection of Platos work includes35 dialogues and 13 letters. It is still disputed if some of them are authentic or not. The works of Plato can be split u p into 3 groups. The earliest dialogues represent hisattempt to communicate the philosophy and style of Socrates, many of the dialogues take thesame for of the writings from him. (Internet)PLATOS ACHIEVEMENTSPlatos actual achievements in his field was great. He had a greater claim than anyoneelse to be called the founder of philosophy. What is unique about Plato is the progress towards amuch tougher, more precise logical and metaphysical theory, a moral philosophy and aphilosophy of language. Through discussion and criticism, they shaped the entire future ofphilosophy. (Hare)ANAYA5Platos development of the topic The one and the many sought an explanation of thevariety of things on reason. The search started with the question What were their origins andWhat are they all made of . Scientists went on asking this question and answering it. Platograsped the truth that understanding is different from science and just as imporant. (Hare)INTERVIEWOne of Platos most famous ideas is the idea that the world is a rational place and thatwe are all here for a reason. People are good because they want to be good not because they willbe punished if they are not and rewarded if they are. Plato works from top to bottom with hisphilosophy as opposed to bottom to top. It is shown by his work that you do not run into asmany problems doing it the reverse way that he does. Rationality is used to eliminate the feelingin a person. It is the complete opposite of emotion, rationality is used in all views. Emotioncauses more problems because none of the acts such as hate, love, murder, lust, fear.arerational. This idea of reason usually conflicts with the ideas of the bible but in Platos case the views werequite similar. Art is a form that is not looked upon as highly in society as rationality becausethere is so much emotion put into it. One of the best examples is love love is not a rationalthought and with art love is expressed a lot throughout important pieces. Rational thought isknow n to be able to start government and lifestyles, although not all lifestyles can be controlled. Take for instance an alcoholic is an alcoholic because they are not being rational and it is notthat they cant stop drinking it is that they dont have enough willpower to stop. It all comes downto lack of control and lack of reason. Most of what we do is not based on rational thought andeven though we know that it should be we too do not have the willpower to change our lifestylesaround. First of all, we wouldnt be able to survive because it would mean getting rid of allemotional thoughts and feelings and that is close to impossible. Second to live like that wouldseem so far out and unreal that no one would even try to attempt it. No one can live life withoutlove, lust, hate, and ANAYA6fear they are things that every human being is born with and will die with. Plato alwayspresumed that rational was good, and right, but to us in this world rational is impossible. (Swanson)BIBLIOGRAPHYAllen , R.E. The Dialogues of Plato, Volume II. London: Yale University Press Publisher,1991. .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae , .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae .postImageUrl , .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae , .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae:hover , .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae:visited , .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae:active { border:0!important; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae:active , .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uace559981b6aed3c4786000574e213ae:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Josef Mengele Was Born In 1911 In The Bavarian Village Of Gunzburg, Ge EssayGrant, Michael. Cicero, Selected Works. Blatimore: Penguin Books Publisher, 1960. Dolan, John P. The Essentials Erasmus. New York: The new American Library Publisher, 1964Internet. Plato (circa 428-C.-347 B.C) Plato Page. http://www.connect.net/ron/plato.html. Hare, R.M. Plato. London: Oxford University Press, 1892

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Marketing Case Study II Aqualisa Quartz Essay Example

Marketing Case Study II: Aqualisa Quartz Essay Marketing Case Study II: Aqualisa Quartz Introduction and Problem Statement Aqualisa, a premium British shower manufacturer, is experiencing teething problems with its new line of electronic mixed shower products – Quartz. Despite being hailed as â€Å"a breakthrough in shower technology† (Case p. 6), early sales were dismal. Plumbers, the main channel of Aqualisa’s products, have developed an ‘electronic phobia’ since the late 1980s when early electronic showers failed, hurting Quartz by association. Furthermore, the company is also concerned of cannibalization that could occur to Aqualisa’s existing products should Quartz become successful, especially to Aquavalve, Aqualisa’s current flagship. Alternatives and Analysis 1)Whether to target the plumbers 73% of consumer decision is derived from plumbers’ advice . Moreover, independent plumbers installed 54% of mixer showers in the U. K. shower market . Therefore, plumbers become an extremely vital channel of distribution for promoting Quartz as a mainstream brand. Despite their resistance to electric showers, most plumbers found the Quartz installation easy and timely. This paves the way to persuading plumbers to change their attitudes towards electric showers. 2)Whether to target the other channels of distribution Trade Shops: Quartz models accounted for the highest profit margin in dollar sales (Appendix 1), as trade shops could get at least â‚ ¬400 per unit of Quartz sold, vis-a-vis â‚ ¬335 from Aquavalve 609 (with the best margins). In view of this, it would be in the interests of the trade shops to adopt Quartz, forming a major selling point. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Case Study II: Aqualisa Quartz specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Case Study II: Aqualisa Quartz specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Case Study II: Aqualisa Quartz specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Developers: As property developers are price sensitive, cheaper shower models such as â€Å"Aquavalve Value† should be promoted to increase sales for Aqualisa. However, in the case of luxury builders, Quartz should be sold as a premium product, which is aesthetically-pleasing and promises to deliver high performance at the same time. D. I. Y: With 84% of the D. I. Y market segment purchasing low-cost electric showers, it can be seen that the D. I. Y sheds tend to attract value shoppers. Consumers would be confused if Aqualisa’s premium product enters he D. I. Y market and they will perceive Quartz to be mass market and of low quality. Hence Quartz should be excluded from the D. I. Y. market. Direct consumer: Although only 27% of installations are made independent of plumbers’ advice, Aqualisa must not neglect the fact that an advertising campaign is necessary to create market awareness and interest for a new product in the market. The advertisement on Exhibit 9 might not be able to achieve the intended results as it is too focused on the technical specifications of Quartz. )Issue of cannibalization Based on the BCG Growth-Share Matrix definition, Aquavalve is arguably Aqualisa’s cash cow. As Quartz’s superiority becomes apparent, Aquavalve could be at risk of being relegated to a dog’s position. However, this fundamental shift is a necessary evil, especially in the light of competition – take the chance of losing a cash cow (Aquavalve) in exchange of a question mark (Quartz) becoming a star, rather than lose the cash cow to a competitor’s new-born star (Appendix 4). Recommendations and Conclusion The objective for Quartz is to create product awareness and customer experience while generating sales momentum without affecting Aqualisa’s brand image. Aqualisa should eventually target an additional 20,000 unit sales for the fiscal year of 2001. In order to achieve this objective, the current marketing channels should be limited to showrooms and tradeshops (plumbers), leaving DIY shops out. In redressing the communication issues, the Objective-and-Task Method should be adopted to determine the promotion budget. The tasks are separated into the two-pronged ‘push’ and ‘pull’ strategies, estimated to cost â‚ ¬2-4million in total, which can be covered by additional Quartz sales of ~6,500 ~13,000 units per year (Appendix 2). As part of the ‘push’ strategy (Appendix 5), the primary purchase decision makers plumbers should be the primary focus of Quartz’s marketing efforts. On an additional budget of â‚ ¬1-2million, the plumbers ought to be enticed by the following: 1. Intensify the ‘ease of installation’ selling point by distributing Quartz installation guides to our plumber accounts; Emphasize ‘highest dollar margin’ selling point to our trade shops, forming an effective ‘push’ to plumbers (their customers). 2. Giving discounts for the first ten Quartz systems installed, allowing plumbers to absorb a bigger commission which encourages product handling. 3. Establishing a redemption program that rewards plumbers who promote and install a certain number of Quartz systems successfully, thereby encouraging diffusion of Quartz innovativeness into the mainstream market. Providing a 3 year warranty, which not only instills consumer confidence, but gives plumbers the incentive to install Quartz since any cost incurred for second visitations would be reimbursed by Aqualisa. For the ‘pull’ efforts (Appendix 5), Aqualisa should take on an advertising campaign targeting consumers within a â‚ ¬1-2million budget to boost their buyer readiness stage towards the level of ‘liking’, so as to induce more plumbers to try Quartz on their customers’ prompting. With reference to Exhibit 9, advertisements should not be centered on the functionality of Quartz, but on the intangible benefits such as the ease of use and safety, i. e. the â€Å"perfect shower experience†. The value proposition of Quartz to consumers is precise temperature control, steady output, and the ease of use. Aqualisa should continue to skim the early adopters’ market with Quartz’s premium price, while lengthening Aquavalve’s Cash Cow status. Once this premium market segment is satisfied, Aqualisa should consider introducing Quartz technology into Gainsborough to capture the middle-income market segment. In conclusion, Quartz ‘breakthrough’ status could herald in a new age for Aqualisa. Despite the real risks that could affect the firm’s existing products, Aqualisa should capitalize on its first-mover advantage to secure a dominant position in the evolving shower industry, alongside its existing products via a hybrid marketing system (Appendix 6), contributing to its future survival and success.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Senator Robert Byrd and the Ku Klux Klan

Senator Robert Byrd and the Ku Klux Klan During the early 1940s, Robert Byrd of West Virginia was a high-ranking member of the Ku Klux Klan. From 1952 to 2010, the same Robert Byrd of West Virginia served in the United States Congress and eventually won the praises of civil rights advocates. How did he do that? The Robert Byrd of Congress Born in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina, on Nov. 20, 1917, Robert Carlyle Byrd was orphaned at age 1 after the death of his mother. Raised by his aunt and uncle in a rural West Virginia coal mining town, Byrd credited his experiences growing up in a coal-mining family with shaping his amazing political career. The legendary congressional career of Robert â€Å"Bob† Byrd began on November 4, 1952, when the people of West Virginia elected him to his first term in the U.S. House of Representatives. A New Deal Democrat, Byrd served six years in the House before being elected to the U.S. Senate in 1958. He would continue to serve in the Senate for the next 51 years, until his death at age 92 on June 28, 2010. With a total 57 years on Capitol Hill, Byrd was the longest-serving Senator in United States history and, at the time of his death, the longest-serving member in the history of the U.S. Congress. Byrd was the last member of the Senate to have served during the Dwight Eisenhower presidency and the last member of Congress to have served during the presidency of Harry Truman. He also held the distinction of being the only West Virginian to have served in both houses of the state’s legislature and in both chambers of the U.S. Congress. As one of the Senate’s most powerful members, Byrd served as secretary of the Senate Democratic Caucus from 1967 to 1971 and as Senate Majority Whip from 1971 to 1977. Over the next 33 years, he would hold leadership positions including Senate Majority Leader, Senate Minority Leader, and President pro tempore of the Senate. In four separate terms as President pro tempore, Byrd stood third in the line of presidential succession, after the Vice President and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. Along with his lengthy tenure, Byrd was known for his vast array of political skills, his often fierce advocacy for the supremacy of the legislative branch, and his ability to secure federal funds for the State of West Virginia. Byrd Joins then Leaves the Ku Klux Klan Working as a butcher in the early 1940s, a young Robert Byrd formed a new chapter of the Ku Klux Klan in Sophia, West Virginia. In his 2005 book, Robert C. Byrd: Child of the Appalachian Coalfields, Byrd recalled how his ability to quickly recruit 150 of his friends to the group impressed a top Klan official who told him, â€Å"You have a talent for leadership, Bob ... The country needs young men like you in the leadership of the nation.† Byrd later recalled, Suddenly lights flashed in my mind! Someone important had recognized my abilities!† Byrd led the growing chapter and was eventually elected Exalted Cyclops of the local Klan unit. In a 1944 letter to segregationist Mississippi Senator Theodore G. Bilbo, Byrd wrote, â€Å"I shall never fight in the armed forces with a Negro by my side. Rather I should die a thousand times, and see Old Glory trampled in the dirt never to rise again than to see this beloved land of ours become degraded by race mongrels, a throwback to the blackest specimen from the wilds.† As late as 1946, Byrd wrote to the Klan’s Grand Wizard stating, â€Å"The Klan is needed today as never before, and I am anxious to see its rebirth here in West Virginia and in every state in the nation.† However, Byrd would soon see fit to put the Klan far behind him. Running for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1952, Byrd said of the Klan, â€Å"After about a year, I became disinterested, quit paying my dues, and dropped my membership in the organization. During the nine years that have followed, I have never been interested in the Klan.† Byrd said he had initially joined the Klan for the â€Å"excitement† and because the organization was opposed to communism. In interviews with The Wall Street Journal and Slate magazine held in 2002 and 2008, Byrd called joining the Klan â€Å"the greatest mistake I ever made.† To young people interested in becoming involved in politics, Byrd warned, â€Å"Be sure you avoid the Ku Klux Klan. Dont get that albatross around your neck. Once youve made that mistake, you inhibit your operations in the political arena.† In his autobiography, Byrd wrote that he had become a KKK member because he â€Å"was sorely afflicted with tunnel vision a jejune and immature outlook seeing only what I wanted to see because I thought the Klan could provide an outlet for my talents and ambitions,† adding, â€Å"I know now I was wrong. Intolerance had no place in America. I apologized a thousand times ... and I dont mind apologizing over and over again. I cant erase what happened †¦ it has emerged throughout my life to haunt and embarrass me and has taught me in a very graphic way what one major mistake can do to one’s life, career, and reputation.† Byrd on Racial Integration: A Change of Mind In 1964, Senator Robert Byrd led a filibuster against the Civil Rights Act of 1964. He also opposed the Voting Rights Act of 1965, as well as most of the anti-poverty programs of President Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society initiative. In the debate against anti-poverty legislation, Byrd stated, â€Å"we can take the people out of the slums, but we cannot take the slums out of the people.† But time and politics can change minds. While he first voted against civil rights legislation, Byrd would later hire one of the first black congressional aides on Capitol Hill in 1959 and initiate the racial integration of the United States Capitol Police for the first time since Reconstruction. The 1970’s saw a complete reversal in Sen. Byrd’s former stance against racial integration. In 1993, Byrd told CNN that he had regretted his filibuster and vote against the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and would take them back if he could. In 2006, Byrd told CSPAN that the death of his teenage grandson in a 1982 traffic accident had radically changed his views. â€Å"The death of my grandson caused me to stop and think,† he said, explaining that event made him realize that African-Americans loved their children as much as he loved his own. While some of his fellow conservative Democrats opposed the 1983 bill creating the Martin Luther King Jr. Day national holiday, Byrd recognized the importance of the day to his legacy, telling his staff, â€Å"I am the only one in the Senate who must vote for this bill.† However, Byrd was the lone Senator to  vote against the confirmations of Thurgood Marshall and Clarence Thomas, the only two African-Americans nominated to the United States Supreme Court. In opposing the 1967 confirmation of Marshall, Byrd cited his suspicion that Marshall had ties to communists or the communist party. In the case of Clarence Thomas in 1991, Byrd stated that he had been â€Å"offended by the injection of racism† into the hearings when Thomas called opposition to his confirmation a form of â€Å"high-tech lynching of uppity blacks.† Byrd called Marshall’s comment a â€Å"diversionary tactic,† adding â€Å"I thought we were past that stage.† Byrd also supported Anita Hill in her accusations of sexual harassment by Thomas and was joined by 45 other Democrats in voting against Thomas’ confirmation. When interviewed by Tony Snow of FOX News on March 4, 2001, Byrd said of racial relations, â€Å"Theyre much, much better than theyve ever been in my lifetime †¦ I think we talk about race too much. I think those problems are largely behind us ... I just think we talk so much about it that we help to create somewhat of an illusion. I think we try to have good will. My old mom told me, Robert, you cant go to heaven if you hate anybody. We practice that.† NAACP Praises Byrd In the end, the political legacy of Robert Byrd went from admitting his former membership in the Ku Klux Klan to winning the accolades of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). For the 2003–2004 session of Congress, Byrd was one of only 16 Senators rated by the NAACP as being 100% in line with the group’s position on critical legislation. In June 2005, Byrd sponsored a successful bill dedicating an additional $10,000,000 in federal funding for the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial in Washington, D.C., remarking that â€Å"With the passage of time, we have come to learn that his Dream was the American Dream, and few ever expressed it more eloquently.† When Byrd died at age 92 on June 28, 2010, the NAACP released a statement saying that over the course of his life he â€Å"became a champion for civil rights and liberties† and â€Å"came to consistently support the NAACP civil rights agenda.†Ã‚   Robert C. Byrd Biographical Fast Facts Full Name: Robert Carlyle Byrd (born Cornelius Calvin Sale Jr.)Known for: - American politician - Longest serving member of U.S. Senate in American history (over 51 years)Born:   November 20, 1917, in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina,Died: June 28, 2010 (at age 92), in Merrifield, VirginiaParents: Cornelius Calvin Sale Sr. and Ada Mae (Kirby)Education:- Beckley College- Concord University- University of Charleston- Marshall University (BA)- George Washington University - American University (Juris Doctor)Major Published Writings - 2004. â€Å"Losing America: Confronting A Reckless and Arrogant Presidency.† ISBN 0-393-05942-1.- 2004. â€Å"We Stand Passively Mute: Senator Robert C. Byrds Iraq Speeches.† ISBN 0-9755749-0-6.- 2005. â€Å"Robert C. Byrd: Child of the Appalachian Coalfields.† ISBN 1-933202-00-9.- 2008. â€Å"Letter to a New President: Commonsense Lessons for Our Next Leader.† ISBN 0-312-38302-9.Wife: Erma JamesChildren: Daughters Mona Byrd Fa temi and Marjorie Byrd MooreNotable Quotation: â€Å"Ones family is the most important thing in life. I look at it this way: One of these days Ill be over in a hospital somewhere with four walls around me. And the only people wholl be with me will be my family.† References Byrd, Robert C. (2005). Robert C. Byrd: Child of the Appalachian Coalfields. Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University Press. Pianin, Eric. A Senators Shame: Byrd, in His New Book, Again Confronts Early Ties to KKK. The Washington Post, June 18, 2005 King, Colbert I.: Sen. Byrd: The view from Darrells barbershop. The Washington Post, March 2, 2002 What About Byrd?. Slate. December 18, 2002 The Democrats Lott. The Wall Street Journal. December 12, 2008. Draper, Robert (July 31, 2008). Old as the Hill. GQ. New York, NY. â€Å"Sen. Robert Byrd Discusses His Past and Present†, Inside Politics, CNN, December 20, 1993 Johnson, Scott. Saying Goodbye to a Great One, Weekly Standard, June 1, 2005 Byrd, Robert. Robert Byrd Speaks Out Against the Appointment of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court. American Voices, October 14, 1991. NAACP Mourns the Passing of U.S. Senator Robert Byrd. â€Å"Press Room. www.naacp.org., July 7, 2010

Friday, November 22, 2019

What is an Epilogue and How To Write One, According to Pro Editors

What is an Epilogue and How To Write One, According to Pro Editors What is an Epilogue - and How To Write One Readers Won't Forget The epilogue comes after the story has ended and acts as a finishing touch. It’s one of those literary devices whose necessity is often debated - along with its predecessor, the prologue. If you write a strong ending to a story, should there really be anything left to say? Well, like a good digestif, an epilogue can serve as a satisfying close to a story - one that gives you a moment to reflect on everything you just consumed. It shouldn’t replace dessert the ending of the novel, but merely provide a grace note for the story to close on.To help you decide if your story needs an epilogue and, if so, how to write a strong one, we’ve asked our editors to give us their top epilogue advice. But first, let’s make sure we’re all clear on what an epilogue really is...What is an epilogue?Classic Greek and Elizabethan plays often included epilogues to explain the later fates of the characters. An actor would step forward and speak directly to the audience, offering commentary on the story and dispensing morals, if any were to be found in the tale.  Note that the epilogue, in this respect, is the exact opposite of the prologue and the preface.Since then, the epilogue has naturally evolved. Today, this kind of wrap-up is very rarely used in novels. It's seen as "spoon-feeding" the reader and it implies a lack of trust - either between the novelist and the reader, or between the writer and their own ending.Whether you’re writing a â€Å"Happily Ever After† or a â€Å"To be continued†¦Ã¢â‚¬  epilogue, just be sure to go forward with confidence. If you doubt its necessity, it’s a strong sign it doesn’t need to be there. Either way, don’t overwrite, trust your readers, and you’ll surely have them sighing when they flip the final page and remember that â€Å"parting is such sweet sorrow.†What are some of your favorite epilogues? How do you feel they contributed to your understanding or enjoyment of the story? Leave any thoughts or questions in the comments below!

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Role of Leadership in Managing Quality Research Paper

Role of Leadership in Managing Quality - Research Paper Example Moreover leaders establish a particular direction for their followers which allow them in managing the internal environment of the organization, business, school, institute, nation etc. Once the adherents follow guidance provided by their leader efficiently they can ultimately achieve their targeted goals, aims and objectives in an organized manner. Hence it is clearly evident that quality can easily be maintained with good leadership on any stage or medium as it is the excellence of leaders who are able to set objectives efficiently and assist their followers in implementing those objectives within specified time limits (tribehr.com, 2012). In Big Organization Considering the role of leaders in big organization it is found that leaders are proactive and lead their employees through providing example. The employees follow such instances after being inspired by the charismatic leadership of their leader rather than having a sense of dictatorship. A good leader is one who leads in a ma nner which is depicted through implementation and then leading through actions as opposed to simply dictating their rules and actions without exemplifying any real instances. Leaders recognize and act in response to the variation of the external environment and completely understand the ups and downs of the changing external environment. They are then able to communicate the right direction to their followers for attaining quality in work. The role of leadership in a big organization is to comprehend the requirements of every stakeholder such as clients, owners, suppliers, working staff, general public and any other concerned associate of the business. Every stakeholder formulates the significant part of the quality management process hence they all combine to have an effect on organization’s success. It is the quality of good leadership to induce ethical values throughout their organization which can be achieved through organization’s mission statement or they can the mselves become role models for inspiring their employees for becoming a strategic part of quality management initiative (lennoxhill.co.uk, 2011). True leadership has the ability to equip their employees with the essential resources and struggle to fulfil their duty with sincerity and accountability. The entire organization can be motivated by true leaders for fulfilling their duties and get everyone involved in the process of quality management. It is essential at this stage that leaders must inspire and recognize the contributions and efforts made by employees at all levels which will further instigate a sense of accountability amongst employees and will inspire them in attaining more results and they will voluntarily involve more in quality management procedures. This entire process is dependent on the inputs from both sides whether it is the leader or it is the company’s workforce (Ovretveit, 2005). In Educational Institution The educational field has also changed consider ably in a manner that education administration is now treated more towards the scope of educational management which is now further improvised and transformed into educational leadership. This example is clearly evident from the ceremony held in 2000 having the inauguration of the National College for School Leadership in England. The expression ‘instructional leadership’ is basically derived from North America and it has been superseded in England and all around the world by the concept of ‘learning centred leadership’. It has become a requirement for educational leaders and managers to focus all their efforts more towards the quality management of their educational institution for competing with the other leading

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Internet Marketing College Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Internet Marketing College - Article Example The Internet is a global network for many networks connecting millions and millions of computers together. Today, the internet has become an integral part of business, of our environment, and even of our personal life. The article speaks about marketing in the internet environment and ways to improve internet marketing during peak seasons of sales in a world of competitive environment where everybody would want to lead the race. As this is the festive season, most of the shopping for the season has already started and consumers would like to order gifts online due to the ease of shopping and at the same lack of time to go out and do shopping in the real world. In such a scenario, most of the online shopping website owners would start dressing up their web pages in the most attractive way to attract the maximum number of customers. Internet marketing, if properly exploited can be an effective marketing tool. Strategies which suit the e-business environment need to be framed and implemented. As stated in the article, in order to increase web traffic online marketers need to change the presentation of their website on par with other competitors. Instead of using the traditional methods of designing the home page of the website, they need to innovative in their approach. They also need to introduce special offers like free shipping, combo products, bog off sales etc. Such attempts will definitely help increase we traffic. E-business can create value for organizations if they continuously use new technology to improve their marketing system and if customer expectations are continuously met. The Internet can be used to build long-term relationships with customers. With the evolution of the Internet, the customer today has become more knowledgeable. Companies must recognize the fact that most consumers can compare prices of products from various companies within minutes on the Internet. Therefore, the companies can either compete on price or convince the user of superior quality, but under all circumstances, they must aim to deliver what they promise. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) of the website is the first thing that is to be done in order to get more traffic to the website. It is not a kind of rocket science to advance search engine optimization. However, it is not something which can be achieved just by repeating key words or key phrases constantly. An optimum balance is required in order to achieve the optimization. A major advantage of free or paid submission of websites to search engines is available these days. Websites or blogs can be submitted to search engines. Marking the presence into as many possible search engines is always better. This helps to get noticed by the maximum number of visitors as possible in various search engines. The higher one gets noticed, the higher is the scope of increased traffic. Taking advantage of the social media websites is another method of attracting customers which in turn may lead to increased sales. With the advent of Information Technology over the recent past, the way online business is developing has drastically changed. Currently, many internet marketers have started using social media as one of their important marketing tools in order to promote their online businesses in competition with other players in the e-market. The efforts of online marketing not only influence the service quality and the quality of the product but

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Australia Pre-Primary Education Industry Essay Example for Free

Australia Pre-Primary Education Industry Essay Rising Traction of Private Players to Foster Growth of Australia Pre-primary Education Industry: Ken Research The pre-primary education and childcare markets in Australia have showcased separate growth trajectory over the years. The pre-primary market in Australia is an emerging market characterized by the rising awareness about the quality early childhood education and care amongst parents. Although the public spending on the pre-primary education in Australia is amongst the lowest spending countries in the OECD, the government has taken substantial steps to promote the access and the importance of the pre-primary education amongst the masses. The regional pre-primary markets in each of the state or territory differ from another as the governing system is decentralized. Henceforth while the market-run kindergartens account for a dominant share in the states such as New South Wales, Victoria and Queens land, in states including Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania, Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory, a vast majority of preschools are government funded and run. Subsequently, the format of education and age-group of the children varies accordingly. The childcare market in Australia is a developed and matured market and is marked by a high degree of fragmentation. The childcare market caters to children aged up to twelve and has experienced a steady growth in the last six years, propelled by high demand prevailing in the market. In the last few years, childcare market has been increasingly recognized by the government as a means of increasing womens employability in the workforce. Henceforth, various provisions such as Child Care Rebates, Child Care Benefit have been provided, which has encouraged increasing enrollments in this sector. The market revenues of the childcare market have increased from USD 7,081. 6 million in FY’2008 at a CAGR of 5. 6% during FY’2008-FY’2012. The marketplace of pre-primary education and childcare industry in Australia has witnessed a growing number of market players after the fall of the market leader ABC Learning in FY’2008. A majority of the ABC centers was taken over by Goodstart Learning, a nonprofit organization, which accounted for ~% of the market share of the childcare market in FY’2012. Other major players include G8 education and KU children services. The market has showcased an increasing number of profit-making players over the years, owing to the growing attractiveness of the market. With the increasing number of Long-day care centers providing preschool education, the pre-primary education market of Australia has been reflecting signs of growing integration with the childcare market. As the number of nuclear families and women workers has grown in the Australian economy, the dependency on child care has also consequently increased, leading to many preschools providing child care services as well. The report â€Å"Australia Pre-primary Education and Childcare Industry Outlook to FY’2017† provides detailed overview on the pre-primary education and childcare industry from various perspectives. The report encloses a comprehensive analysis of the various segments of the market reflecting the present scenario and future growth affected by changing industry dynamics in coming years. Additionally, the report also entails information about the public and private sector initiatives, rational analysis of the macroeconomic factors, along with the profiles of the major market players of the pre-primary education and childcare industry. The report will help industry consultants, companies and other stakeholders to align their market centric strategies according to ongoing and expected trends in future. For more information on the industry research report please refer to the below mentioned link: http://www. kenresearch. com/education/pre-school-education/australia-pre-primary-educationresearch-report/398-99. html The report titled â€Å"Australia Pre-Primary Education and Childcare Industry Outlook to FY’2017Increasing Influx of Private Players to Foster Industry Revenues† provides a detailed analysis of the preprimary education and childcare industry covering various aspects including market size of pre-primary education and childcare markets in terms of revenues, enrollments, establishments and number of teachers, and market segmentation on the basis of gender and region-wise enrollments and type of funding institutions along with ongoing trends in the industry. The report also includes competitive landscape and profiles of the major players operating in the industry. The future projections are included to provide an insight on the prospects in the Australia childcare market. The pre-primary and childcare industry of Australia is a diverse market which has undergone significant changes over the years. The pre-primary education and childcare markets in Australia are distinguished by the age-group of the target population and the mode of education. The childcare market of Australia is a matured market serving to children aged up to twelve. The type of services provided in the Australian market is quite diverse catering to the various needs and requirement of the families. The revenues of the child care market have grown strongly over the years, with supply largely keeping in pace with demand. Over the past years, child care in Australia has evolved from a form of early learning and education to a key mechanism to support labor force participation. The market for the childcare is competed by private businesses, communities and government run centres. The pre-primary education market of Australia is an emerging market marked by low penetration of the services. The enrollment rates for the children aged 3 and above are still very low. The formats and settings for preschool education in Australia vary from one state or territory to another with departments of education responsible for governing the preschool sector each state. Consequently, the market setting of pre-primary education sector is assorted, with Queensland being one of states which has mandated the admission in the pre-primary education for young kids. Preschool programs in Australia are run by both government and non-government services, including community preschools and child care providers. The competitive landscape of the Australia pre-primary and childcare industry is quite fragmented which has witnessed increasing market entries over the years after the fall of ABC Learning in FY’2008, the market leader the industry. Presently, the childcare market of the industry features a number of players which operate on non-profit basis. However, the increasing influx of the profit-making players has been driving the revenues of the market in recent years. Goodstart Learning, G8 education and KU children services constitute some of the major players of the industry. The pre-primary education and childcare industry in Australia has been witnessing growing integration of the pre-primary and childcare markets with the increasing number of Long day care centers with preschool programs in the country. Preschools with childcare facilities are increasingly becoming a common phenomenon, with increasing trend of customized services being offered by the providers. Computer-based education has also entered into the preschool segment, reflecting the increasing quality of the education imparted.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Various Factors Explaining Why Boys are Boys and Men are Men :: Mens Health Male Roles Society Essays

Various Factors Explaining Why Boys are Boys and Men are Men This paper is going to describe various key factors explaining why boys are boys, men are men, and how boys adapt in this male dominant society to become men. Growing up in Pensacola Florida in a single parent home wasn’t something I wished are hoped for, but something I had to adapt to. My mother, even though she couldn’t be the male role model I needed, help me understand what roles I’m expected to take as a young man. â€Å"Let the boys be boys,† was a phrase used by hip hop legends â€Å"onyx† portraying a message that boys are going to be boys no matter what. So I ask my self what makes a boy, a boy? Rambo like characteristics? Muscles? Short hair? Wearing T-shirts and jeans or playing with sporting equipment? Well last I remember; the main characteristics that boys shared were penises. The role gender association play in the lives of our children can sometimes affect them negatively. The messages that gender roles send, is that in order to be part of society, you must fit into the norm trying to accomplish what society expects of you; But all the while, trying to incorporate individuality and establishing ones sense of self. Two conflicting ideas that can confuse a child and also alter the way they live their lives. There are two colors that are designated to babies that serve one purpose and one purpose only. Most infant boys were the color blue and girls wear pink. Seeing that it is difficult to determine the sex of an infant without general exposure to the genitals, most parents choose to clothe they’re young child in the respective colors so people will know whether it is a boy or a girl. After all, what male infant wears pink? When the children grow older, do they still continue the practice the color identification game? This is where it changes, When boys reach the age where they start dressing themselves and start buying their own clothes, they will continue to wear the blues and the greens and even yellows and reds, but not pink or violet, cause those are â€Å"girly† colors. Girls on the other hand, when they reach the same age still continue to wear the pink and violets and can even wear the blues, yellows, blacks, and greens. So why can girls make the â€Å"cross-over† without being teased or mocked but boys cant without being called a gay or a fagot.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Lands’ End Case Study Essay

1. A) Lands’ End’s buying center most likely consists of Assurance Personnel and upper management because Lands’ End selects long term suppliers that will likely ha a significant effect on the future of the business and that decision can’t be left to inexperience members or members without authority or power in the company. B) Users would most likely be the package handling department since the products are simply bought and resold by Lands’ End and not actually used to produce. Influencers would most likely be the agents that search for the fabrics and materials to buy. Buyers would likely be management teams as they need to form long term contracts that would require someone of authority in the company. Deciders would most likely be the upper management that has the actual authority in the company to sign long term contracts. Gatekeeprs would most likely be the assurance personnel mentioned in the reading that they go to suppliers to gather the information. 2. A) Lands’ End does not need to go to problem recognition because they are constantly searching for new and better suppliers. Thus they would skip to Information search in which they scout the best possible suppliers around the world that are likely to produce high quality items or materials. Next they would use Alternative evaluation to see if there is a company that gives the same product at either a higher quality or better price. The purchasing decision would be made by the managers that handle new contracts. Then finally they would use Postpurchase behavior to consider the contracts they have made and consider their value and change them if need be. B) Price may not be necessary as the purchasers are customers of Lands’ End and they would decide if the item is a fair price. Ability to meet quality specifications would be very important as Lands’ End claims that they seek the highest quality items to sell. Ability to meet required delivery schedules is also very important as they need a guarantee that the items they will be selling will get to their customers in a timely matter. Technical capability is also important as Lands’ End is attempting to keep up with the technological advances in the future so they are not left behind. Warranties are necessary as Lands’ End claims they will return any item no matter what. Past performance on previous contracts is necessary as they buy by contracts and have long term suppliers. 3. New Buy- Lands’ End does not face new buy regularly as they generally focus and reselling, however a new buy for Lands’ End may be buying new delivery trucks from a truck building company. Or they may need storage thus they buy land and construct storage facilities on it. Straight Rebuy- This is the most common case in Lands’ End as they rebuy as they may just be buying more of an item from an existing supplier for items that are sold regularly such as materials and fabrics or duffle bags and such that they need to have in stock to continue selling. Modified rebuy- in this case, Lands’ End upper management would be involved in buying new contracts with suppliers.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

How does the charity letter use language to create an impact on its audience?

The Scope charity letter is an emotional, personal and heart felt letter intended to inform people about Cerebral Palsy and to persuade them donate to their worthy cause. The intended audience was the recipient of this letter, who may possibly be a parent perhaps whose child unfortunately has this terrible condition. The writer of this letter has used a range of grammatical techniques to create an impact on the reader. One of the main , striking features of this text, is the Anecdote that runs throughout the letter. The short story about Abigail is told by her father which makes it very personal and informal, ‘ I'm Abigail's dada, Ric. The fact that he introduces himself and gives his name adds more personality into the letter and is inviting the reader to read on. The effect this has upon the audience is that the reality of the letter is portrayed clearly and it makes the reader realise it isn't just a problem for somebody else, it could happen to anyone. ‘Like any parents. ‘ Something else used, that makes the letter a lot more personal, is the use of personal pronouns. The use of the first person, personal pronouns ‘my' and ‘I', in the first paragraph, not only make the letter more real to the reader but also gives a sense of pride that Abigail's father is feeling. I see that my Abigail has come on in leaps and bounds at school this year. ‘ The possessive determiner ‘my' strongly emphasises that Ric is very proud of his daughter. Furthermore, the second person, personal pronouns toward the end of the text are also very effective, the use of the pronoun ‘you' includes the reader into Abigail's incredible story. This particularly impacts on the reader as they feel like they have been with Abigail on her difficult journey through learning and coping with Cerebral Palsy. This making them feel they want to help more people like Abigail, as Scope have clearly made a huge difference. This is a rhetorical device- emotive language. It brings the emotions of the writer, and some readers, to the text and audience. Additionally, ‘As soon as we walked through the doors, we knew it was right for our daughter' is somewhat of a hyperbole-another rhetorical device. It can be seen as a hyperbole as Abigail's parents could not have known the school was right for their daughter until they had learned more about it. However, this is emphasising how much Scope has helped them and also sets up how much more helpful Scope became to them, later in the letter. Another hyperbole, is the bold caption ‘If it wasn't for Scopes Ingfield Manor School, Abigail wouldn't be†¦ Abigail! ‘ Obviously she still would be Abigail but this is used to highlight how much of a lifeline Scope had been, not just for Abigail, but to her parents also. They helped Abigail develop her own personality, even though she has a disability which can hold her back. Another rhetorical technique, used by the writer is the Tricolon. Ric describes how the school not only give the children a ‘national curriculum education' as all schools do, but also how they ‘develop speech, movement and mobility. The use of the Tricolon here shows how much work Scope put in and how much they help people with Cerebral Palsy to learn. To add more emotion and make it even more personal, Ric uses a Tricolon to depict how Scope has personally helped his daughter to ‘develop her education, her self-esteem and her sparkling personality. ‘ The use of the adje ctive ‘sparkling' within the tricolon highlights that not only has Scope helped Abigail develop a personality, they have helped her create a strong one that shines through her disability. Another powerful adjective used in the letter is ‘dedicated'. This adjective shows that Scope are trying really hard to make a difference and will stop at nothing to help people like Abigail, people with this terrible disability. Together with the common noun ‘family', the two word classes strongly emphasise that they all work together and make everyone; the family, the ‘pupil' and even the reader feel included in their achievements as a team. The verbs used in this text guide the reader to feel that Scope is a very friendly and caring charity. The modal auxiliary verbs ‘can' and ‘will' express that there is hope for people with Cerebral Palsy, and Scope is it. The modal auxiliary verb ‘will' indicates that Scope will definitely continue helping people for as long as they receive support. The dynamic verbs ‘meeting' and ‘providing' are in the progressive tense, showing that Scope's work is ongoing, meaning that they have to rely on peoples donations for their work to continue. Furthermore, the verbs ‘develop', ‘provide', ‘share' and ‘support' greatly emphasise that Scope are not forceful and are there to ‘support' people like Abigail. They do not push her but guide her and help her to become the best she can be, while making life for her and her family easier. Taking away the pressure and worry for her education and how it might be affected by Cerebral Palsy. The verb ‘support' is particularly important as it makes the reader realise that Abigail is not an invalid, nor should she be treated as inferior to anybody else, she just needs a little help and guidance due to her disability. That is where Scope comes in. These verbs persuade the reader to help as they can empathise with Abigail. Finally the verbs ‘joking' and ‘giggling' lighten up the mood of the text as the reader becomes aware that Scope help bring light and happiness into these peoples lives. Although Ric himself didn't write this letter, it would have been carefully crafted to make it sound as if he did, to make it more personal and more effective. The writer uses the grammatical techniques to make the audience aware of what it would be like in Ric's shoes, persuading them to help, while informing them about Cerebral Palsy and how Scope enable people to overcome difficulties in learning.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Misunderstood essays

Misunderstood essays Strong, durable, vigorous, and resilient. These adjectives are the most accurate means of describing Pink and her successful album, titled Missundaztood. If I had somehow been stranded on a desert island, without a doubt in my mind, this album would be the one item that would help me to survive. Although I have an interest in a variety of music, I do not think that country or pop-like music would be the ideal type of music that would help me to feel as hopeful in such a situation. This album, both sounding upbeat and radiating a feeling of triumph, produces a sensation of hope and survival. What makes this album particularly important to me, is not only the lyrics and sound of the music, but more importantly, it explains how tough life can seem. In particular, the songs Dont Let Me Get Me, Just Like a Pill and Family Affair provide a rock/pop tune, easy to feel, and lyrics that send a shiver through out ones body: Don't let me get me/ I'm my own worst enemy/ Its bad when you annoy yourself/So irritating/ Don't wanna be my friend no more/ I wanna be somebody else. These feelings of self-frustration and poor self-esteem, emit something so powerful and so deepsomething that most young adults or teenagers all too often can relate to. The second song on the album which makes this reach my top list of albums, is Just Like a Pill. While the first song represents depression and frustration, this next song takes that frustration and recognizes where the base of the anger lies. Run just as fast as I can/ To the middle of nowhere/ To the middle of my frustrated fears/ And I sw ear you're just like a pill/ Instead of makin' me better, you keep making me ill. Whomever, or whatever causes this frustration is being recognized in this song. The third of the four songs is Family Affair. Both this and the fourth song really complete ...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Top 11 Writing Apps for iOS (iPhone and iPad)

Top 11 Writing Apps for iOS (iPhone and iPad) Top 11 Writing Apps for iOS (iPhone and iPad) Top 11 Writing Apps for iOS (iPhone and iPad) By Daniel Scocco Finding the best writing apps for iOS can be challenging. Arguably the best word processor in existence, Microsoft Word, was designed with Windows in mind. Still, developers have answered the call and diehard Apple fans can still find several high-quality writing apps to help them write down their ideas. Whether you need a full-scale word processor or a simple notetaking app, there are several great options for iOS users. 1. Byword If you are writing on mobile or tablet, Byword is one of the best markdown editors out there. It isn’t flashy, it won’t cure cancer, but it will help you write down words. By default, it supports TXT, TEXT, MD, MMD, MARKDOWN, MARKDN, MDOWN, MKDN, MARKD, and Fountain file formats. Another added bonus of Byword is that you can export your finished products as PDFs and HTML documents. 2. Editorial Editorial comes with a little more functionality than Byword. What makes Editorial a great app is the fact that it has features like a built-in multi-tab web browser, Dropbox integration, and more. It also comes with inline preview for taskpaper, markdown, and foundation documents. 3. 1Writer 1Writer is one of the best notetaking apps for iOS. It can easily be downloaded from the App Store for either iPhone or iPad. The app can be used to write down ideas, for research, or to revise past ideas. 4. iA Writer Pro If you are looking for a great, free word processor, iA Writer Pro is the right app for you. This app provides you with all the tools and features you expect from a word processor without the price. By default, it is compatible with both the iPad and iPhone. 5. Pages Pages is Apple’s response to Microsoft Word. Like any app developed by a major company, Pages works as you would expect to. It is also completely compatible with iOS because it was designed specifically for it. Pages is great because it comes with every feature you will need as a writer. If you require a more professional-grade word processor, Pages is exactly what you need. 6. Ulysses What more could you expect from a program that was named after one of the greatest novels ever written? This word processor is compatible with most devices that run on iOS. Ulysses is considered to be one of the best writing apps on the App Store and is used by many professional writers who work on iOS. Why is Ulysses so good? It boasts a simple, yet effective design, is easy to use, has workflow options, a slew of export options, and syncs across the various iOS devices. 7. Werdsmith Werdsmith is another great option for aspiring writers who use iOS. This free app is compatible with both the iPhone and iPad. What makes Werdsmith great is the fact that it is loaded with features, has a great UI, Dropbox integration, and it can even be used on the iPod touch. 8. Bear Bear is another example of a barebones, markdown notetaking app. It won’t blow you away with features, but it does what it does well. This notetaking app is best used for taking notes and writing prose. You can also input your notes into Bear, making it a great app to use to study while you are transiting to and from school. Bear is very easy to use and a great option if you want a free notetaking app. 9. Microsoft Word for iOS Alright, you may be thinking, why are you suggesting Microsoft Word for iOS? One simple reason, because it exists. If you are comfortable with Microsoft Word and all of its features, why change? Microsoft has created an iOS version of their flagship word processor and it works flawlessly. A lot of iOS users make use of Pages because they think it is the go-to word processor for iOS. But, if Microsoft Word is available, why not use arguably the best word processor on the market? 10. Grammarly Sometimes Grammar is hard. Even the best writers will tell you this. Grammarly isn’t an official writing app like the other ones previously listed. Grammarly is a free grammar-checking app that is available on iOS. The free version will help you make basic corrections and improve your grammar, while the paid version comes with even more features. With Grammarly, you will never struggle with spelling, syntax, and sentence structure. 11. Dictionary.com App No one has perfect spelling. We all misspell words and rely on that wavy red line to tell us when we make mistakes. The official Dicitonary.com app is a great choice for writers who want to bolster their vocabulary, check the meanings of new words, and help find synonyms for words that they use too much. What makes this app even better is that it is free and it comes in a lite version. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Use â€Å"That,† â€Å"Which,† and â€Å"Who†Yay, Hooray, Woos)

Sunday, November 3, 2019

BA Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

BA Case - Essay Example Most of the customers prefer the products that are natural. Anti-aging products and men’s skin care products have become popular in the last few years and are gaining visibility in the marketplace. Because of these trends, skin cares share of total industry revenue has grown during the last five years. Burt’s Bees has strategically positioned itself in the industry as a manufacturer of natural products. However, the company faces threats of stiff competition from companies such as Kiss My Face, Jason Natural Products, Nature’s Gate, and Tom’s of Maine. Three of these companies, including Burt’s Bees, are now owned by larger companies with a wide range of product offerings. Ordinarily, there is need for the products that that are natural and organic. This is because most of the consumers have become aware of the effects of chemicals on the skin that causes cancer in the long run. This makes them not to buy most of such products. However, Burt’s and Bees’ is on the competitive advantage since it sales organic products that the customers love. The strategic positioning of the brand enables it to beat its competitors. Burt’s Bees is an earth friendly, all natural skin care company that strives to do good for humans, bees, and the planet . The company has also opportunity in increasing innovation through the advancement of technology. In contrast, Clorox Company is a brand primarily known for its bleach productsÍ ¾ Toxic chemicals that can harm the environment. The acquisition of Burt’s Bees by Clorox was part of the company’s strategy to focus on creating value by investing in new and existing categories that were consistent with consumer trends in areas of health and wellness, sustainability, convenience, and a multicultural marketplace. Clorox has helped Burt and Bees to raise the existing brands by innovation, expand into adjacent product categories, enter new sales channels, and pursue new businesses in growing markets where it could gain and

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Euro-Debt Crisis and the European Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Euro-Debt Crisis and the European Union - Essay Example Rather than specifically call out any of the EU member states, Christine Lagarde calls on the ECB to fully commit reserve funding to deploy bailouts. The problem with this particular viewpoint is that the European Union is becoming more and more entwined with the internal political and economic desperation that is exhibited among the weakest links within the Union’s membership. Although attempting to save the European Union has been a central theme of the combined efforts of the world’s most influential financial body (the IMF), these efforts have dragged on and on and look increasingly unlikely to avert a crisis and/or disaster that is already unfolding before the eyes of the viewer (Wall Street Journal 1). The situation with Greece is but one example. Although the article in question deals mostly with the IMF’s implied directions regarding Spanish liquidity, this is just another example of the debt contagion that threatens to envelop the economies Greece, Spain, Italy, Portugal, and Ireland (PIIGS). In the article, Lagarde goes on to implore the domestic/state actors of the respective economies to fully cooperate with all haste and cooperation with the efforts of the European Central Bank. One interesting component of this advice is the fact that many of these state actors are playing a very tenuous balancing game. This balancing game is accented by attempting to employ the rigid austerity measures that the ECB requires in order for the disbursal of any further monetary aid/loans/bailout package, the fear that the European Union will eventually collapse and the consequential reaction to withhold resources in order to prepare for a worst-case scenario forcible exit from the Eurozone. It is for precisely this reason that Christine Lagarde is so adamant that each of these nations commits themselves fully to the proposition of saving the Euro.

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Question of risk assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Question of risk assessment - Essay Example In case of an accident, there are possibilities of planning errors, storage errors, and execution errors in the management field. For example, if the employees of an organization went on strike demanding better remuneration and working conditions. The planning error can occur in this case where the management uses a wrong approach to the problem hence accelerating the problem. This can happen where the managements plans to fire the striking workers instead of addressing their grievances. The storage error that can happen in this scenario may involve how the management will try to contain the strike. Where the management decides to ignore the demands of the striking employees this amounts to a storage error. An execution error in this case may involve how the management makes the ultimate address to the strike. Where the management fires the striking employees, this will jeopardize the operations and performance of the organization. All these errors question the reliability of the sys tematic procedures adopted by the management as stipulated under the SHARP

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Management Is A Universal Phenomenon Commerce Essay

Management Is A Universal Phenomenon Commerce Essay management is a purposive undertaking. It is certain thing that directs group efforts in the direction of the attainment of certain pre determined goals. It is the method of working with and through other ones to competently achieve the goals of the association, by efficiently utilising limited assets in the changing world. Of course, these goals may vary from one enterprise to another. E.g.: For one enterprise it may be launching of new products by conducting market reviews and for other it may be profit maximization by minimizing cost. management involves conceiving an interior natural environment: It is the management which places into use the diverse factors of production. Therefore, it is the blame of management to conceive such situation which are conducive to greatest efforts so that people are adept to perform their task effectively and effectively. It encompasses double-checking availability of raw components, conclusion of salaries and salaries, formulation of directions guidelines etc. thus, we can say that good management includes both being productive and efficient. Being effective means doing the befitting task i.e, fitting the square pegs in rectangle holes and aaaround pegs in aaaround holes. Being efficient means doing the task rightly, at least possible cost with smallest wastage of assets. management can be characterised in detail in following classes : 1. management as a Process 2. management as an undertaking 3. management as a control and respect 4. management as a assembly 5. management as a Science 6. management as an Art 7. management as a Profession http://www.managementstudyguide.com/what_is_management.htm history of mgt The verb organise arrives from the Italian maneggiare (to handle particularly tools), which in turn draws from from the Latin manus (hand). The French phrase mesnagement (later mà ©nagement) leveraged the development in significance of the English word administration in the 17th and 18th centuries http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management historical theories of mgt Historical Theories of Management Scientific Management Theory (1890-1940) At the turn of the years, the most prominent organizations were large and industrialized. Often they encompassed ongoing, routine tasks that constructed a kind of goods. The United States highly prized scientific and technical affairs, encompassing very cautious estimation and specification of undertakings and results. management tended to be the same. Frederick Taylor evolved the :scientific management idea which espoused this very cautious specification and measurement of all organizational tasks. jobs were standardized as much as likely. employees were paid and punished. This approach emerged to work well for associations with assembly lines and other mechanistic, routinized activities. Bureaucratic Management Theory (1930-1950) Max Weber embellished the technical management idea with his bureaucratic idea. Weber concentrated on dividing associations into hierarchies, establishing strong lines of authority and control. He suggested associations evolve comprehensive and detailed benchmark functioning methods for all routinized tasks. Human Relations Movement (1930-today) finally, unions and government regulations answered to the rather dehumanizing consequences of these theories. More vigilance was granted to individuals and their exclusive capabilities in the association. A foremost belief encompassed that the association would prosper if its workers prospered as well. Human Resource agencies were supplemented to associations. The behavioral sciences performed a powerful function in helping to understand the needs of employees and how the needs of the association and its employees could be better aligned. diverse new ideas were spawned, numerous founded on the behavioral sciences (some had title like idea X, Y and Z). Traits of Progressive Management Development Programs With the Human Relations action, teaching programs recognized the need to cultivate supervisory skills, for example, delegating, career development, inspiring, coaching, mentoring, etc. Progressive management schools now have students reconsider a wide body of management topics and discover those topics by applying that information in the workplace and mirroring on that submission. Learning undertakings incorporate learners real-world undertakings in the workplaces or their lives. allotment encompass reflection and investigation on real-world know-how. discovering is enhanced through extending dialogue and repsonse among learners. Very good schools organise to include types of self-development, too, identifying that the cornerstone for effective management is effective self-management. productive management development programs help scholars (learners) take a systems view of their organizations, encompassing reconsider of how foremost functions effect each other. Assignments encompass identifying and addressing consequences of one activities on their whole organization. Contemporary Theories of Management Contingency Theory Basically, contingency idea asserts that when managers make a decision, they should take into account all facets of the current position and proceed on those facets that are key to the position at hand. Basically, its the approach that it depends. For example, the continuing effort to recognise the best authority or administration method might now conclude that the best style depends on the position. If one is premier troops in the Persian Gulf, an autocratic method is likely best (of course, numerous might argue here, too). If one is leading a clinic or university, a more participative and facilitative authority method is likely best. Systems Theory . systems theory has had a important effect on administration science and comprehending association. A scheme is a collection of part unified to complete an general goal. If one part of the scheme is removed, the nature of the scheme is altered as well. For demonstration, a stack of sand is not a scheme. If one eliminates a sand element, youve still got a stack of sand. However, a functioning car is a system. Remove the carburetor and youve no longer got a working car. A scheme can be looked at as having inputs, processes, yields and conclusions. systems share feedback amidst each of these four facets of the systems. Inputs would encompass resources such as raw materials, cash, technologies and people. These inputs proceed through a method where theyre designed, organized, inspired and controlled, ultimately to meet the organizations goals. Outputs would be goods or services to a market. Outcomes would be, e.g., enhanced value of life or productivity for customers/clients, productivity. repsonse would be data from human resources carrying out the method, customers/clients using the goods, etc. repsonse furthermore comes from the bigger natural environment of the association, for example, leverages from government, humanity, economics, and technologies. This overall system structure applies to any scheme, including subsystems (departments, programs, etc.) in the general organization. systems theory may appear quite rudimentary. Yet, decades of management teaching and practices in the workplace have not pursued this idea. Only lately, with tremendous alterations opposite organizations and how they function, have teachers and managers come to face this new way of looking at things. This understanding has brought about a important change (or paradigm shift) in the way management investigations and advances organizations. The effect of systems idea in administration is that writers, teachers, advisors, etc. are assisting managers to gaze at the organization from a broader viewpoint. Systems idea has conveyed a new viewpoint for managers to interpret patterns and events in the workplace. They recognize the various components of the association, and, in specific, the interrelations of the parts, for example, the coordination of centered management with its programs, technology with constructing, supervisors with employees, etc. This is a foremost development. In the past, managers normally took one part and concentrated on that. Then they moved all attention to another part. The difficulty was that an association could, e.g., have a magnificent centered administration and magnificent set of educators, but the agencies didnt synchronize Chaos Theory As chaotic and random as world events appear today, they appear as chaotic in organizations, too. Yet for decades, managers have acted on the basis that organizational events can always be controlled. A new idea (or some say science), chaos idea, recognizes that events indeed are rarely controlled. numerous chaos theorists (as do systems theorists) mention to biological systems when interpreting their idea. They propose that systems routinely proceed to more complexity, and as they do so, these systems become more volatile (or susceptible to cataclysmic events) and should expend more energy to maintain that complexity. As they consume more power, they search more structure to sustain stability. This trend extends until the scheme divides, blends with another convoluted scheme or falls apart solely. This tendency is what many see as the tendency in life, in organizations and the world in general. SCHOOL OF THOUGHT à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Animism The notion of animism is not now broadly utilised in anthropology and tends to be referred to more as a historical curiousness for what it can notify us about anthropological thought in the 19th years than for what it can state about the convictions of persons in the up to date world. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Diffusionism Diffusionism is the term utilised by anthropologists and sociologists to account for the disperse, through time, of facets of culture-artistic traditions, language, melodies, myths, devout beliefs, communal association, technological ideas-from one humanity or assembly to another. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Evolutionism Evolutionism is a movement in anthropology and sociology which was much in vogue in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It mentions to ideas of change in which development is seen to proceed through stages of increasing complexity and diversification. It is closely related to the concept of progress and expertise, which is most prevalent in capitalist humanity. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Functionalism functionalism refers to a variety of theories in the human sciences, all of which supply explanations of phenomena in periods of the function, or reason, they purportedly assist. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Marxist anthropology It developed out of two motives: the need to assess anthropologys chronicled connection with colonialism, arising out of a discontent with earlier functionalist paradigms for the study of societies; and to perform social investigation with a larger sense of political and financial perspectives. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Postmodernism Anthropology in general has been examined as a especially sympathetic arena of the human sciences inside which to chase the postmodernist agenda, particularly with regard to matters of otherness, critiques of the programmes of the Enlightenment and elaborations of the idea of culture à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Primitivism Primitivism, in anthropology, mentions to a body of considered that there live remote and exotic primitive: peoples whose ways of life and technologies are considered to display assessed compare to those of modern societies. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Relativism The conventional heritage relativism that most anthropologists, British or American, take to work with them is a blend of two notions: first, that insofar as there are behavioural differences between various populations of persons, these differences are the outcome of heritage (sometimes societal) variation rather than anything additional; and, second, that such dissimilarities as do live are warranting of respect and understanding in their own terms. MORE à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Structuralism Structuralism is the approach which seeks to isolate, and decode, deep organisations of significance, coordinated through systems of signals inherent in human demeanour (language, ceremonial, dress and so on. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Syncretism Syncretism is the method of mingling distinct philosophies, convictions or traditions of conviction and practice, producing in hybrid types. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Totemism J.F. McLennan (1869) posited a worldwide reverence for the mystical power of dwelling things, arguing that there is no race of men that has not arrive through this primitive stage of speculative belief. http://credoreference.libguides.com/content.php?pid=307806sid=2521183 4 FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT Management has been described as a communal process involving responsibility for economical and effective designing guideline of operation of an enterprise in the fulfillment of given reasons. It is a dynamic process comprising of diverse elements and undertakings. These undertakings are distinct from operative purposes like trading, finance, purchase etc. Rather these undertakings are widespread to each and every manger irrespective of his grade or rank. distinct experts have classified functions of management. According to George Jerry, There are four fundamental functions of management i.e. designing, coordinating, actuating and controlling. According to Henry Fayol, To organise is to forecast and design, to coordinate, to order, to control. Whereas Luther Gullick has granted a keyword POSDCORB where P stands for Planning, O for Organizing, S for Staffing, D for administering, Co for Co-ordination, R for describing B for making allowance for. But the most broadly accepted are functions of management granted by KOONTZ and ODONNEL i.e. designing, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and commanding. For theoretical reasons, it may be befitting to separate the function of management but virtually these purposes are overlapping in environment i.e. they are highly inseparable. Each function blends into the other each sways the performance of others. 4 FUNCTIONS PLANNING According to Koontz ODonell, PLANNING is concluding in advance what to do, how to do and who is to do it. PLANNING connections the gap between where we are to, where we want to proceed. It makes likely things to occur which would not else occur. PLANNING is deciding in accelerate what to do and how to do. It is one of the basic managerial functions. Before doing certain thing, the supervisor must formulate an concept of how to work on a specific task. therefore, PLANNING is nearly attached with creativity and discovery. But the supervisor would first have to set objectives, only then will a manager know where he has to proceed. Planning hunts for to bridge the gap between where we are and where we want to go. PLANNING is what managers at all grades do. It requires taking decisions since it engages making a choice from alternate techniques of activity. Importance of PLANNING: Æ’ËÅ" PLANNING presents directions Æ’ËÅ" PLANNING reduces the dangers of doubt Æ’ËÅ" PLANNING reduces overlapping and wasteful undertakings Æ’ËÅ" PLANNING promotes innovative ideas Æ’ËÅ" PLANNING facilitates decision making Æ’ËÅ" PLANNING sets up measures for controlling PLANNING method: Æ’ËÅ" Setting Objectives Æ’ËÅ" Developing Premises: Æ’ËÅ" recognising alternative techniques of activity Æ’ËÅ" assessing alternative techniques Æ’ËÅ" Selecting an alternative Æ’ËÅ" Implement the PLAN Æ’ËÅ" Follow-up action organising one time the PLANs have been laid down and objectives particular therein, the next step is to organize assets in a kind which leads to the accomplishment of objectives. Organizing can be characterised as a method that initiates implementation of PLANs by clarifying occupations and working relationships and competently establishing assets for attainment of recognised and yearned results or goals. The management function of organising double-checks that efforts are directed in the direction of the attainment of goals laid down in the PLANNING function in such a kind that resources are used optimally and people are adept to work collectively and competently for a common reason. Thus, it is in the context of productive management that the association function earns due importance. It is a means for converting PLANs into action. Importance of organising: Æ’ËÅ" assists in specialization Æ’ËÅ" Clarity in working relationships Æ’ËÅ" Optimum utilization of assets Æ’ËÅ" Adaptation to change Æ’ËÅ" productive management Æ’ËÅ" Development of staff Æ’ËÅ" Expansion and development Organizing process: Æ’ËÅ" Identification and division of work Æ’ËÅ" Departmentalization Æ’ËÅ" allotment of duties Æ’ËÅ" setting up describing connections Directing Directing refers to the process of instructing, directing, therapy, motivating and premier people in the association to accomplish its objectives. Directing integrates persons in the direction of accomplishment of widespread objectives. Through directing, managers not only notify the persons in the association as to what they should do, when they should do and how they should do but also glimpse that their instructions are implemented in correct perspective. Very often, this becomes important component in the effective and effective functioning of the organization. Directing as a function of management is concerned with instructing, directing and motivating people in the organization to accomplish its objectives. It involves overseeing people at work, making provision for the essential facilities and creating a work natural environment, whereby employees may present to the best of their abilities. It comprises of handing out instructions and instructions by a better to his subordinates. It furthermore encompasses the process of m9otivation subordinates and supplying authority with an comprehending of their hopes, beliefs and demeanour pattern. Through the administering function managers convey about a balance between one-by-one concerns of employees and the concerns of the organization as a whole. Directing is a function of all managers of the association. It is an ongoing activity of managers. significance of directing: Æ’ËÅ" It Initiates Actions Æ’ËÅ" It Ingrates Effort Æ’ËÅ" Means of Motivation Æ’ËÅ" It Provides steadiness Æ’ËÅ" contending up with the alterations Æ’ËÅ" Efficient Utilization of assets controlling Managerial command suggests the estimation of accomplishment against the benchmark and the correction of deviations to guarantee attainment of objectives according to plans (Koontz and O Donnel) controlling is one of the important functions of a manager. In alignment to request PLANed results from the subordinates, a supervisor needs to workout productive command over the undertakings of the subordinates. In other phrases, controlling means double-checking that undertakings in an organization are presented as per the PLANs. controlling also double-checks that an organizations resources are being utilised competently and efficiently for the accomplishment of predetermined goals. controlling is, therefore, a goal-oriented function. significance of controlling: Æ’ËÅ" Accomplishing organizational goals Æ’ËÅ" Judging accuracy of standards Æ’ËÅ" Making efficient use of assets Æ’ËÅ" advancing worker motivation Æ’ËÅ" Ensuring alignment and control and respect Æ’ËÅ" Facilitating coordination in activity Controlling method: Æ’ËÅ" Setting presentation standards Æ’ËÅ" Measurement of genuine presentation Æ’ËÅ" Comparison of genuine presentation with measures Æ’ËÅ" Analysing deviations Æ’ËÅ" Taking corrective activity (www.Seobyus.com) ( HubPages Inc., 2011) (excellentguru.com) (enotes.com) (managementstudyguide.com, 2008-2012)